Stents coated with sirolimus and anti-CD34 antibody can optimize the performance of sirolimus-eluting stents / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the impact of the stents coated with sirolimus and anti-CD34 antibody on the short-term re-endothelialization and the long-term restenosis in Chinese Minipigs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three different types of stents [bare-metal stent (BMS), sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) and anti-CD34 antibody and sirolimus-coated stent (ASES)] were randomly implanted in the coronary arteries of 22 Chinese Minipigs. At two weeks after stenting, coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed in 10 experimental animals. At three months after stenting, coronary angiography and OCT were performed in the remaining 12 experimental animals. Histopathologic examination was performed on the coronary artery segments containing stent after the animals were executed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) No in-stent thrombosis and parietal thrombus were found by coronary angiography, OCT and histopathologic examination at two weeks post stenting. OCT analysis showed that the covered ratio of stent struts by neointima in ASES group was higher than in SES group [(55.56 ± 35.27)% vs. (41.82 ± 23.28)%, P < 0.05]. The mean thickness of neointima in ASES group was significantly higher than in SES group [(89.0 ± 5.0) µm vs. (32.0 ± 4.9) µm, P < 0.01] and BMS group [(89.0 ± 5.0) µm vs. (44.0 ± 7.2) µm, P < 0.01]. Histopathologic and scanning electron microscopy examinations demonstrated that the covering level and quality of stent struts by neointima in BMS and ASES group were both better than in SES group. (2) At three months follow-up, quantitative coronary angiography analysis found that late in-stent lumen loss in ASES group was significantly lower than in BMS group [(0.18 ± 0.06) mm vs.(0.35 ± 0.06) mm, P < 0.05]. OCT analysis showed that the percent neointimal hyperplasia in ASES and SES group was significantly lower than in BMS group [(34.75 ± 2.64)% and (35.63 ± 2.07)% vs. (48.28 ± 3.25)%, both P < 0.01]. Histopathologic analysis demonstrated that the percent areal restenosis of ASES and SES group were both significantly lower than that of BMS group [(28.65 ± 5.64)% and (29.33 ± 6.07)% vs. (46.18 ± 8.25)%, both P < 0.05].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The stents coated with anti-CD34 antibody and sirolimus can attenuate the inhibitory effect of sirolimus on the re-endothelialization at two weeks after stenting and the anti-hyperplasia effect of sirolimus at three months after stenting.</p>

Use of tailored loading-dose clopidogrel in patients undergoing selected percutaneous coronary intervention based on adenosine diphosphate-mediated platelet aggregation / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Adenosine phosphate-mediated platelet aggregation is a prognostic factor for major adverse cardiac events in patients who have undergone selective percutaneous coronary interventions. This study aimed to assess whether an adjusted loading dose of clopidogrel could more effectively inhibit platelet aggregation in patients undergoing selected percutaneous coronary intervention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 205 patients undergoing selected percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled in this multicenter, prospective, randomized study. Patients receiving domestic clopidogrel (n = 104) served as the Talcom (Taijia) group; others (n = 101) received Plavix, the Plavix group. Patients received up to 3 additional 300-mg loading doses of clopidogrel to decrease the adenosine phosphate-mediated platelet aggregation index by more than 50% (the primary endpoint) compared with the baseline. The secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events at 12 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the rational loading dosage, the tailored loading dosage better inhibited platelet aggregation based on a > 50% decrease in adenosine phosphate-mediated platelet aggregation (rational loading dosage vs. tailored loading dosage, 48% vs. 73%, P = 0.028). There was no significant difference in the eligible index between the Talcom and Plavix groups (47% vs. 49% at 300 mg; 62% vs. 59% at 600 mg; 74% vs. 72% at 900 mg; P > 0.05) based on a standard adenosine diphosphate-mediated platelet aggregation decrease of > 50%. After 12 months of follow-up, there were no significant differences in major adverse cardiac events (2.5% vs. 2.9%, P = 5.43). No acute or subacute stent thrombosis events occurred.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>An adjusted loading dose of clopidogrel could have significant effects on antiplatelet aggregation compared with a rational dose, decreasing 1-year major adverse cardiac events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions based on adenosine phosphate-mediated platelet aggregation with no increase in bleeding.</p>

Anatomy problems in the radical resection for hilar cholangiocarcinoma / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical data, surgical strategies and results from the patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA), and to explore the anatomic factors related to the radical resection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data from 52 patients with HCCA who underwent radical resection between January 1984 to December 2008 were investigated retrospectively, which included clinical diagnosis, Bismuth-Corlette classification, pathologic features, surgical procedures and follow-up results.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to the Bismuth-Corlette classification, 5, 12, 6, 16 and 13 patients belonged to type I, II, IIIa, IIIb and IV respectively. There were 24 cases underwent combined hepatic lobectomy. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 78.8%, 36.4% and 12.1% respectively. Postoperative complications rate was 30.8% with the 3.8% mortality rate. The frequency of surgical complications was significantly higher in patients with higher level of serum total bilirubin (> 340 micromol/L) than that in patients with a relatively lower one (170 micromol/L) before operation (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Some anatomical factors should be considered during the radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, especially evaluation of potential hepatectomy, resection of caudate lobe, hepatic artery resection and/or reconstruction. The prognosis of the patients underwent R(0) radial resection could be significantly improved.</p>

Clinical and angiographic predictors of restenosis after bare metal stent deployment in coronary artery disease patients complicated with diabetes / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the potential predictors of restenosis after bare mental stent (BMS) deployment in diabetic patients in Chinese diabetic patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed all patients implanted with BMS (n = 1126 with 2376 lesions) in our department from 2002 to 2004. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was made to compare the clinical and angiographic characteristics between diabetic patients with and without restenosis. Restenosis was defined as > or = 50% diameter stenosis within the stent and 5 mm in adjacent.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 6-month follow-up angiograms were available in 889 out of 1126 patients (78.9%) and 151 out of 889 patients (17%) were diabetic patients. Restenosis rate in nondiabetic patients group was 21.2% and 35.9% in diabetic patients (P < 0.001). The predictors of restenosis in diabetics were reference vessel diameter (< or = 3.0 mm), length of lesion (> 15 mm) and insulin use (P < 0.05). The restenosis predicting model showed that reference vessel caliber was the paramount predictor for restenosis in diabetic patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Restenosis rate post BMS implantation is significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients. Vessel caliber, lesion length and insulin use are predictors of restenosis in diabetic patients. Diabetic patients with reference vessel diameter of > 3.0 mm combined with lesion length < 15 mm and non-diabetic patients with lesion length < 15 mm regardless of the vessel caliber could be treated with BMS since the predicted restenosis rate is lower than 15% in these patients, otherwise DES would be a better choice.</p>